Fighting the War on Terrorism Essay -- Terror Terrorists 9/11 Essays

It has been said that the easiest way to discredit someone in the political field is to accuse them of possessing "Machiavellian morals." Until recently, today's political arena has been consumed by such illusive and controversial topics as human rights and the environment. Thus, it is easy to see why being referred to as a disciple of the austere Machiavellian principle could result in the untimely death of a political career. However, as of September 11th, the times have changed and so should the mindset with which politicians approach such elusive topics. This tragedy was not, however, suffered in vain. Underneath this enveloping shroud of sadness, there were a few blessings in disguise. Outwardly, the nation acquired a renewed sense of unity and the spirit of nationalism was re-ignited. However, there was another consequence left behind by that fateful day that was not witnessed in the displays of American flags or candle light vigils. In this moment of utter despair, the United States was afforded an opportunity to re-assert itself as the avenger of justice and defender of liberty. As the trailblazer, the United States has earned the right and privilege to set the precedents in this unconventional war against terror. The ambiguity surrounding the issue of terrorism has been in large part responsible for the failure of past attempts at international cooperation on this matter. It is time to pursue alternative methodology. As Machiavelli implies, "The [state] is expected to devise his own, 'new,' remedies if the old ones will not suffice"(Parel, 10). Surprisingly, the solution to this proverbial problem is found in one of the most traditional and perhaps, polemical political ideologies. The most promising pr... ...In order to successfully combat terrorism, the United States must adopt a modified mindset similar to that of the terrorists. Specifically, it must begin see the world as a fight between good versus evil. However, it must remember to be prudent in its conduct of foreign policy. But above all the United States must bear in mind, "It is better to be feared, than to be loved. But that it is also "better to be loved than hated" (Machiavelli). Bibliography Books: Betts, Richard, K. Conflict After the Cold War. New York: Longman Press, 2001. Machiavelli, Niccà ³lo. The Prince. Trans. H. C. Mansfeld. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1985. Parel, Anthony. The Political Calculus: Essays on Machiavelli’s Philosophy. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1972. Internet: http://www.religion-on-line.org http://www.newsmax.com

Indigenous Education in Canada & Australia Essay

INDIGENOUS PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD HAVE BEEN A MAJOR TARGET FOR DISCRIMINATION AND THIS HAS BEEN THE CASE THROUGHOUT HISTORY, HOWEVER, THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE OF AUSTRALIA AND CANADA HAVE QUITE RECENTLY FELT THE BURDEN. IT IS EVIDENT THAT DURING THE 1990’S TO THE EARLY 2000’S, A LOWER STANDARD OF EDUCATION RECEIVED BY INDIGENOUS AUSTRALIANS HAS A CLOSE SIMILARITY WITH THE EDUCATION RECEIVED BY INDIGENOUS CANADIANS. THE NON-INDIGENOUS RESULTS FROM STUDENTS IN BOTH AUSTRALIA AND CANADA HAVE EXCEEDED THE STANDARD OF INDIGENOUS STUDENT’S RESULTS WHICH HAS TERRIBLY DISADVANTAGED THE INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES OF AUSTRALIA AND CANADA. THE NOTICEABLE DIFFERENCE IN EDUCATION RESULTS IS DUE TO THE UNFAIR TREATMENT OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN AUSTRALIA AND CANADA, FROM TEACHING DIFFERENT AND DISHONEST CURRICULUM, MISSING OUT ON VALUABLE OPPORTUNITIES, NOT BEING ABLE TO INCORPORATE THEIR NATIVE TRADITIONS AND EVEN THE HARSH AND RACIST BULLYING. THESE ARE ALL WELL-FOUNDED EXAMPLES OF THE LACK OF QUALITY EDUCATION THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE HAVE RECEIVED. SINCE COLONISATION IN CANADA, MISSIONARIES HAD ESTABLISHED SCHOOLS FOR INDIGENOUS CHILDREN. THE CANADIAN GOVERNMENTS BELIEVED THAT BY USING ASSIMILATION, INDIGENOUS CHILDREN WOULD BECOME CIVILISED AND WOULD BRING THEM INTO COLONIAL SOCIETY. (WIKIPEDIA, 2014) THE TWO MAIN TYPES OF SCHOOLS WERE BOARDING SCHOOLS THAT WERE LOCATED ON OR NEAR THE RESERVES AND INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS THAT WERE LOCATED IN THE CITIES AND RESPONSIBLE FOR TRAINING INDIGENOUS CHILDREN FOR MANUAL LABOUR. DESPITE THE INDIGENOUS STUDENTS LEARNING READING, WRITING, MATHS AND LABOURING SKILLS, THEY WERE ON THE OTHER HAND TAKEN AWAY FROM THEIR FAMILIES AND UNABLE TO SPEAK IN THEIR NATIVE LANGUAGE. IN SOME SCHOOLS, SERVER PUNISHMENT WAS REQUIRED IF STUDENTS SPOKE IN THEIR NATIVE LANGUAGES (AUSTRALIAN HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION 2010). IN COMPARISON TO THIS, WHEN AUSTRALIA EXPERIENCED IT’S ‘STOLEN GENERATION’ OF ASSIMILATING INDIGENOUS AND HALF-CAST CHILDREN INTO MODERN DAY SOCIETY, THE CHILDREN WERE NOT ONLY FORCED INTO ATTENDING REGULAR SCHOOLING, BUT THEY WERE ALSO IN SOME CASES, FORCED INTO SLAVERY. (WIKIPEDIA, 2014) IN SOME CASES, THE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN COPED WITH THE TRAUMA OF LOSING THEIR FAMILIES, AND FLOURISHED, DESPITE THE PREVAILING SENSE AND KNOWLEDGE OF THEIR LOSS OF AND SEPARATION FROM THEIR BIRTH FAMILIES, COMMUNITIES, LAND AND CULTURE. HOWEVER, FOR MANY OTHER CHILDREN, WHO WERE PLACED WITH UNSATISFACTORY FOSTER PARENTS OR IN INSTITUTIONS, AS ADULTS THEY CONTINUE TO STRUGGLE TO OVERCOME THEIR EXPERIENCES OF TRAUMA, LOSS, ISOLATION, AND OFTEN, ABUSE. (NATIONAL SORRY DAY COMMITTEE, 2014) IN THE SAME MANNER, BOTH CANADA AND AUSTRALIA WERE LARGE SUPPORTERS OF ASSIMILATION AND WANTING INDIGENOUS CHILDREN TO GROW UP LEARNING THE SAME THINGS AS NON-INDIGENOUS CHILDREN. ALTHOUGH THE HIERARCHY IN BOTH COUNTRIES WERE SIMPLY ATTEMPTING TO ‘HELP THE NATION GROW’, THEY WERE IN THE LONG RUN, MAKING IT MORE DIFFICULT FOR INDIGENOUS CITIZENS TO BECOME ACCEPTED INTO SOCIETIES. STATISTICS SHOW THAT IN CANADA, MORE THAN ONE-THIRD OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLE HAVE NOT COMPLETED HIGH SCHOOL. (AUCC. CA, 2010) THESE LOW RESULTS STEM FROM THE GOVERNMENT’S EFFORTS TO ‘HELP THE NATION GROW’ WHICH MAY HAVE BACK-FIRED AS MOST INDIGENOUS PEOPLE FELT THAT THE EFFORTS MADE WERE NOT HUMANE AND COMPLETELY RIDICULOUS. IT IS EVIDENT IN MANY WRITTEN SOURCES THAT IN BOTH COUNTRIES, ABORIGINAL CHILDREN WERE BULLIED AND ISOLATED FROM MOST OTHER NON-INDIGENOUS STUDENTS. THIS WAS A MAJOR DOWNFALL FOR THE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN AS SCHOOL WAS NOT FUN OR ENJOYABLE BY ANY MEANS AND FOR THEM, THERE WASN’T MUCH REASON TO PUT ANY EFFORT INTO SOMETHING THEY WERE FORCED INTO ATTENDING. (ANDREW SHARPE, 2009) BOTH CANADA’S AND AUSTRALIA’S STATISTICS ARE VERY SIMILAR AND CAN BE COMPARED TO EACH OTHER WITH ROUGHLY THE SAME LEVEL OF OVERALL RESULTS. ALTHOUGH, AUSTRALIA’S STATISTICS TELL THAT IN 2007, 64% OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLE AGED 18-24 YEARS HAD COMPLETED GRADE 12. (HUMAN RIGHTS, 2012) THIS SCIENTIFIC STATISTIC SHOWS HOW OVER TIME, THE ‘YOUNGER GENERATION’ OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLE ARE STARTING TO PAY MORE AND MORE INTEREST INTO THEIR EDUCATION. EVENTUALLY AS TIME PASSED BY INTO THE EARLY 2000’S, EDUCATION IN BOTH CANADA AND AUSTRALIA BECAME AN ESSENTIAL FACTOR OF EVOLVING INTO AN ‘ESTABLISHED’ ADULT. BEING EDUCATED AND/OR HAVING AN EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND OPENED MANY WINDOWS OF OPPORTUNITIES FOR MOST, RESULTING IN MAINTAINING A WELL-PAYING JOB, MAKING IT EASIER TO ASSIMILATE INTO SOCIETY AND ALSO BEING ABLE TO MAKE CONSCIOUS DECISIONS FOR THE BETTER. THIS INCLUDES UPHOLDING A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE WHICH CAN BE DEVELOPED AND USED TO PASS ONTO OTHER FAMILY MEMBERS FOR A CLEARER FAMILY WELL-BEING. (CPRN, 2007) NOT ONLY DID EDUCATION BECOME A HUGE PART OF EVOLVING INTO A WELL- ROUNDED PERSON, IT ALSO PROVIDED SOCIETY WITH DYNAMIC EXTERNALITIES ASSOCIATED WITH ECONOMIC GROWTH; STATIC KNOWLEDGE SPILL OVERS; NON-MARKET EXTERNAL BENEFITS SUCH AS REDUCED CRIMINAL ACTIVITY; AND SOCIAL BENEFITS ASSOCIATED WITH TAXATION. (RIDDELL, 2006) UNLIKE CANADA, AUSTRALIA HAS MADE MANY EFFORTS TO TRY AND MAKE UP FOR ALL OF THE SUFFERING THE GOVERNMENTS CAUSED DURING THE ASSIMILATION PROCESS. ONE OF THE MOST SIGNIFICANT FIRST steps to remission was made in 1990, when the establishment of the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation was made by law of the federal Parliament. Another significant moment for reconciliation was when the human rights and equal opportunity commission presented ‘Bringing Them Home’ – the Report of the National Inquiry into the Separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children from their families presented to Federal Parliament in 1997. (Australian Human Rights Commission, 2010). Through all of the memorial dates and events for reconciliation, Australia’s ‘National Sorry Day’, held annually on the 26th of May is an event that is close to many people’s hearts, and will continue to be a very momentous day. Despite the many attempts at reconciliation in Australia, assimilating Indigenous children into a modern day society with education will unfortunately always be remembered by the Indigenous community for decades to come. Although, because education can give you so many useful life-long skills, it is positive that more and more Indigenous people are attempting to become involved, especially after a past of such negativity.

Social Issues in Color of Water by James McBride Free Essay Example, 1000 words

According to the paper findings, it can, therefore, be said that interracial marriages are accepted more today in the 21st century than they used to be in the time period of the Color of Water because of a greater level of awareness. People are more aware of today because they are better educated. Media is highly responsible for increasing awareness. Over the past many years, media has taught people to be more open and receptive to the issue of healthy race relations. It has educated people on being more tolerant of others choices. The problems and conflicts which were encountered by Ruth and James are not entirely unheard of in the present times, but they are certainly reduced by a considerable degree. This is because more people know now that other races are not scary, but they are also normal human beings who should be respected as much as one likes to be respected oneself. It is due to this positive trend that the division between the privileged white class and disadvantaged bla ck class started to dissolve. This is how people from different races started to get closer and they began to realize that they are not really that much different from one another. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Issues in Color of Water by James McBride or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

A Standard Definition Of Ethics - 1328 Words

A standard definition of ethics might be: †the science of morals,† with morals being defined as: â€Å"conforming to, or regulated by what is right† (The Cassell Concise Dictionary, 2012). Defining business ethics is a topic which has numerous opinions; definitions refer to the rightness or wrongness of behavior. What is morally right or wrong, ethical or unethical is not often agreed upon. (Phillip 1985). A person’s ethically beliefs stem from personal opinion which can include, environmental ethics, political ethics, ethics relating to religion, culture and acceptable norms of behavior in that persons environment. Companies are feeling the effects of market forces, brought on by more ethical issues which must be taken into account. Changes in the market include buying habits of ethically orientated consumers and these consumers refusing to buy from unethical companies. The media has growing interest in global ethical issues and publicizing them. Companies have an obligation to ensure shareholders receive a fair return on their investment (Health 2014). Consumerism is the promotion of the consumer’s interests, the theory that an increasing consumption of goods is economically desirable Economic consumerism promotes global development, the aim to achieve higher standards of living. Ethical consumerism can be defined as the practice of purchasing products and services produced in a way that minimizes social and environmental damage, while avoiding products and servicesShow MoreRelatedNursing : A Fine Profession Essay1457 Words   |  6 Pagesprofession of their own. Each individual level demonstrates just as much importance as the next—without the first or needless to say the tenth floor, the twenty-second floor would not exist. Similarly, the nursing profession embraces a strong code of ethics, professional conduct, and a commitment to service, no matter where it is located on the healthcare spectrum. Although some might debate about the validity of nursing as a profession- not only an occupation- several important factors prove this argumentRead MoreThe Distinction Of Ethics And Morality1307 Words   |  6 PagesThe Distinction Of Ethics And Morality: The use of the words ethics and morality are often confused with each other especially these are commonly used in Philosophy and other related fields. This paper will discuss the distinction between these two concepts. According to Gammel (2007), the difference between the terms morality and ethics has a very thin line particularly in the daily language. Adding to this confusion is that other philosophical resources and materials use the terms interchangeablyRead MoreMedia Ethics Definition1554 Words   |  7 PagesDictionary defines ethics as moral standards and as a system of morals. Websters then defines moral as, of or dealing with right or wrong. Similarly, media ethics are moral standards that are applied to the media. An example of this is the Society of Professional Journalists Code of Ethics(1), a standardized list of items that members of the SPJ use as a guide in their strides to be effective journalists. In a similar manner, media professionals sometimes use their code o f ethics as a device toRead MoreAristotle s Nicomachean Ethics On Virtues And The Quality Of Character A Person1543 Words   |  7 PagesAt the beginning of the course the first question that was asked is what is ethics? At this time I answered the question by stating that ethics is what people believe is right and wrong. I now know that this answer is much too vague. Many people may reply in a similar fashion that our class did because ethics is a hard thing to define and there is no one right answer because it is different for everyone. Ethics has many aspects associated with it, not just right or wrong. Through the writingsRead MoreThe Difference Between Legal And Ethical799 Words   |  4 Pagessynonymously. Lawmakers seek to provide a legal framework supported by the values or ethics of society at large. These laws often attempt to address failures of the past. Creating an ethical legal standard has been one of the biggest challenges of modern government. Some would a rgue whether maintaining ethical standards is even possible given the fundamental differences between legal and ethical. Definitions By definition, laws are a set of rules that are universally accepted by society as binding (MerriamWebsterRead MoreEthic And Moral Conflict Implied. What Are The Implications936 Words   |  4 PagesEthic And Moral Conflict Implied What are the implications of ethics or moral conflicts with one another? There is a fine line and some ongoing confusion between ethics and morals. Ethics apply to institutions or groups for example doctors or lawyers. Morals are personal principals influenced by society. Professionals deal with the conflict between ethics and morals more often than we realize. A lawyer who has a high moral standard would absolutely defend her moral belief that defending a murdererRead MoreEthical Concerns in Corporate Finance: A Closer Look at Earnings Management1640 Words   |  7 PagesFor many years, the ethics of finance has been a concern in the corporate world. With the flexible accounting standards under the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and International Accounting Standards (IAS), there are many grey areas of what is, and is not, ethical. Earnings management falls in this grey area. Earnings management is the term used to describe the process of manipulating earnings of the firm to achieve a target predetermined by management. The flexibility of accountingRead MorePinning Down the Definition of Ethics795 Words   |  3 PagesIndividuals have their own different definitions of what ethics entails. However, one thing that all these definitions have in common is that, ethics deals with knowing what is right or wrong. Ethics can be defined as the body of cognition that is responsible for the study of worldwide rationales that determine right from wrong. Many people are inclined to thinking that ethics revolves around their feelings; what they feel is right or wrong. However, this is not the case. Individuals have their ownRead MoreCompany Code of Ethics Essay827 Words   |  4 PagesCompany Code of Ethics The Company code of ethics will cover all employees within our organization. The Code of ethics is essential for corporations today to remain in business and abide by their federal and state government regulations. Ethical training programs will exist ever corporation and are given to each employee usually the first day of employment and renewed on the annual basics. An ethical conflict occurs when people will encounter situations that they cannot easily control or resolvedRead MoreQuestions On Ethics And Ethics Essay770 Words   |  4 PagesEthic in Negotiation The dictionary definition of ethics is: a system of moral principles or values; the rules or standards governing the conduct of the members of a profession; accepted principles of right or wrong. Ethics create the means of doing what is right, fair and honest. 1 According to Mark Pastin, an ethics thought leader and ethics consultant, â€Å"You need to recognize the interests involved in an ethical situation and know how to navigate them†. He also imply, in order to create a vision

Graduation by Maya Angelou Critique - 1386 Words

Danielle Davis Eileen Thompson English 121 SL May 9, 2012 â€Å"Graduation† Critique â€Å"Graduation† was written by Maya Angelou in 1969. Angelou was born in Missouri, but after her parents divorced, she was sent to live with her grandmother in Stamps, Arkansas. While in Arkansas, Angelou attended the Lafayette County Training School. The school is the setting for her essay â€Å"Graduation.† Angelou graduated from eighth grade at Lafayette with top honors and went on to graduate from high school. After high school, Angelou wrote over thirty plays, poems, children’s books, and one of her autobiographies, â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings† (Smelstor and Bruce). â€Å"Graduation† starts with Angelou’s generalization of a high school senior’s†¦show more content†¦The themes are identity and education. The essay can be found in Angelou’s autobiography, â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings.† The autobiography describes how living in the south during the Depression was a time for survival (Ball). The message of â€Å"Graduation† is the same; no matter what obstacles arise she will survive. Angelou deserves an â€Å"A† for this essay because she has strong examples of overcoming obstacles, sophisticated descriptions, and has a clear sense of purpose with strong development. Angelou’s example of overcoming adversity is the strongest at the end of the essay. â€Å"Something unrehearsed, unplanned, was going to happen, and we were going to be made to look bad† (Angelou 26). As she is sitting there as a young girl at her graduation, she can feel the unwelcoming presence of the speaker’s words and actions. Before the speaker begins his political rant of what he has brought to the white community, Angelou anticipates that the graduating class is going to be shamed. Angelou believes the speaker’s words, and starts to doubt her hopes and dreams. â€Å"The man’s dead words fell like b ricks around the auditorium and too many settled in my belly† (Angelou 28). As Henry Reed starts to sing the Negro national anthem, Angelou finally senses that the words do have meaning to her. Nearly every event that Angelou mentions in her autobiography has one of two different aims. The aim she uses in this essay is how she faces obstacles, overcomes them, andShow MoreRelatedI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1482 Words   |  6 Pages Maya Angelou tells of her life experiences and struggles in her book â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings† that gives us insight about Maya’s life as a young black girl growing up in a time of racism. The novel discusses various forms of oppression that she had to face as well cope with them. Robert A. Gross wrote an analysis for Newsweek about the book and claimed that Angelou’s book is not only an interesting story of her own experience, but also a portrayal of a Southern black communityRead MoreMaya Angelo u : An Influential Voices Of Modern Society Essay1386 Words   |  6 PagesMaya Angelou, born Marguerite Ann Johnson on the 4th of April 1928, was born in St. Louis, Missouri and grew up in Stamps, Arkansas. Maya Angelou is regarded as one of the most noteworthy, influential voices of modern society with over 50 doctorate degrees. She became a distinguished poet, educator, producer, actress, historian, filmmaker, memoirist, and civil rights activist throughout her life. In the 1930’s and 1940’s, Stamps, Arkansas was the embodiment of brutality and racial discriminationRead MoreMichael Jackson Sang The Famous Line, If You Wan Na Make The World A Better Place1495 Words   |  6 Pagessomething to bring to the table? Forms of art that even attempt to evoke this message of solidarity include poetry, which in itself is a free medium that poets utilize to express their thoughts and emotions. Langston Hughes, Paul Laurence Dunbar, Maya Angelou, and Naomi Shihab Nye’s cultural experiences helped to form their respective views on empathy for others. Although they were not all born at the same time, their diverse upbringings (whether African-American or Middle-Eastern) is what made theirRead MoreLiterary Analysis of I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Essay2756 Words   |  12 PagesBird Sings By Maya Angelou The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss, and analyze the novel I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou. Specifically it will discuss the themes of racism and segregation, and how these strong themes are woven throughout this moving autobiography. Maya Angelou recounts the story of her early life, including the racism and segregation she experiences throughout her formative years. With wit, sincerity, and remarkable talent, Angelou portrays racism

Nitaqat Free Essays

string(33) " arrest and deport such workers\." Nitaqat, the Localization System for Jobs in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: cause for denial of job opportunities for expatriates Guiding Principle In order to reduce the unemployment rate among the Saudi citizens, the Saudi government issued a new system for the localization of jobs in Saudi Arabia under the name of â€Å"Nitaqat†. The new system replaces the system applied since 1994 under the name of â€Å"The Saudization†. Nitaqat adopts several principles, which will have impacts on non-Saudis working in the Kingdom. We will write a custom essay sample on Nitaqat or any similar topic only for you Order Now A. Introduction The economy in Saudi Arabia – as it is the case in other states of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) – depends largely on the existence of a large proportion of expatriates1 working for various establishments in the private and public sector. However, unlike the other states of the GCC, Saudi Arabia has large number of unemployed citizens2, which creates a state of resentment among those citizens. B. The Saudization In an attempt to reduce the unemployment rate among the citizens, the Saudi government applied a system in 1994 for the localization of jobs under the name of â€Å"The Saudizationâ€Å". The basic principal of the system was the requirement to appoint certain percentage of the total workforce of all the establishments existing in the Kingdom from the Saudi citizens. This percentage varies in accordance to the activity of the establishment. Generally the percentage was fixed by 30%. However, due to several reasons, the system did not achieve the desired objectives and mostly the 30% has not been reached. Now, more than 6. 5 million non-Saudi are working in the private sector of the Kingdom compared to 700 thousand Saudis. In addition, more than 2 million work visas were issued during the preceding two (2) years. C. Nitaqat Therefore, the Saudi government has endeavoured to find other solutions to eliminate the phenomenon of unemployment among Saudi nationals. The efforts of the government resulted in the implementation of several strategies. The most important of these strategies was the issuance of a new system under the name â€Å"Nitaqat† for localizing the jobs in the Kingdom to replace the system of Saudization. The name Nitaqat means Ranges in Arabic, which actually represents the main idea of the new system as the main obstacles faced the previous system that it was not practical to apply one fixed percentage, regardless of the particular circumstances of each activity, such as the availability of the qualified manpower for certain activities. Nitaqat divides the labour market into 41 activities and each activity into 5 sizes (Giant, Large, Medium, Small and Very Small) to have in total 205 categories. The performance of the establishment in the localization of the jobs is to be evaluated compared with the similar establishment’s activity and size in order to have fair standard for the evaluation After the evaluation, Nitaqat classifies these establishments into ranges (Excellent, Green, Yellow and Red) based on the ratio of the citizens working in the establishment. The Excellent and Green range, which are the ranges with the highest localization ratios, will be rewarded, while the system deals firmly with the Red range, which is the range with the lowest localization ratio and gives more time for the Yellow range to adjust their positions, being the medium range. The motive of applying the Nitaqat system is to make the appointment of Saudi citizens represent a competitive advantage for the establishments in the Kingdom. D. The Rewards to the Excellent and Green Ranges and the Disadvantages of the Red and Yellow Ranges. The MoL has granted the establishments located in the Excellent or in the Green Ranges several advantages by giving the establishments the eligibility to issue work visas for the development of new business. Furthermore the MoL will give them the ability to contract with non-Saudi workers from the establishments of the Red and the Yellow ranges in the Saudi market, which allows such establishments to benefit from their experience and presence. This will result in granting the establishments that have achieved high rates of localization the opportunity to appoint non-Saudi workers with no need to issue new work visas, which helps to rationalization the recruitment and employment of additional non-Saudi labor. In contrast, the establishments located in the Red or in the Yellow range will be forced to speed the localization of the jobs within the establishments to upgrade their range to the Green or the Excellent range to maintain the expats they have. Otherwise, the establishments located in these ranges – Red and Yellow ranges – will be denied from obtaining new or alternative visas, lose control over the non-Saudi workers in the establishment as they will have the freedom of contract with a new employer and will not be allowed to obtain new work visas to appoint new-non-Saudis workers or to set up a new subsidiary or branch. DOHA: Thousands of Asian expatriates in Saudi Arabia are facing the prospect of unemployment and deportation with the Saudi government going ahead with its job nationalisation drive, called Nitaqat. This has sent shockwaves across the tiny south Indian state of Kerala, which has more than half-a-million of its people working in Saudi Arabia. The Saudi authorities are cracking down on companies that have failed to achieve a job nationalisation target, the deadline for which passed last Wednesday. Law enforcement officials have reportedly booked a large number of expatriates for violating the residency law over the past week and many more are expected to be declared illegal residents. The labour ministry has identified about 250,000 small and medium-sized enterprises that have failed to comply with the Nitaqat provision of employing at least one Saudi national in the ‘red’ category. The deadline for complying with the provision passed on March 27, said a report carried by Khaleej Times yesterday. According to Nitaqat provisions, the ministry will not renew work permits of employees in the ‘red’ category. This means they will have to leave the country. The Saudi cabinet has already passed a law to arrest and deport such workers. You read "Nitaqat" in category "Papers" According to Saudi newspapers, about two million expatriates are likely to lose their jobs as a direct result of implementation of the Nitaqat policy. The workers are mainly from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, the Philippines, Egypt, Yemen, and Indonesia. Indians constitute the largest chunk of expatriates in Saudi Arabia, and among them Keralites are the largest group. According to a recent study by Kerala-based Centre for Development Studies, the number of Keralites in Saudi Arabia in 2011 was 574,739, said the daily. Nitaqat will hit Keralites the hardest as a substantial number of them are working in small and medium-sized enterprises. The majority of Keralites in Saudi Arabia are from the northern Malabar region of the state, said the report. Kerala yesterday urged the Indian government to intervene in the matter so that Saudi Arabia takes a liberal approach to implementing the Nitaqat policy. The new policy might lead to denial of job opportunities to a large number of expatriates from India, especially from Kerala, Chief Minister Oommen Chandy said in a letter to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. It has come to my notice that the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has initiated strong steps to implement the Nitaqat law to expand employment avenues for its nationals, which may ultimately lead to the denial of job opportunities for expatriates,† he said. Conceding that there were limits to Indian intervention in internal policy decisions of Saudi Arabia, Chandy said: â€Å"but an appeal to the Saudi A rabian authorities to give more time for the implementation of Nitaqat may give breathing space for the expatriates and avoid immediate repercussions. † ::::::::ARTICLES::::::: What Nitaqat means for Kerala:::: By P M Mathew 13th April 2013 07:25 AM The Nitaqat (classification) law being implemented by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia makes it mandatory for Saudi Companies to reserve 10 per cent of jobs for Saudi nationals. Saudi Arabia has very strong socio-economic reasons to justify such a policy. Unlike other gulf countries Saudi Arabia itself has large number of unemployed citizens. According to recent estimates the unemployment rate among Saudi nationals has reached 12 per cent. It is also reported that more than 6. million non-Saudis are working in the private sector of the Kingdom compared to 7,00,000 Saudis. In 2012 there were 3,40,000 firms in the Kingdom that did not employ any Saudi. Of late there is a growing feeling of resentment among the citizens of Saudi Arabia resulting from the labour market competition they face from expatriate workforce. The Nitaqat law is aimed at eliminating unemployment and localising jobs in the Kingdom. Nitaqat seeks to replace the 1994 scheme of Saudization which required 30 per cent of the jobs to be reserved for Saudi citizens. Saudization scheme failed due to the inherent loopholes in the system and the targeted 30 per cent localisation of jobs could not be achieved. The new law, Nitaqat, divides the Saudi labour market into 41 activities and each activity into 5 sizes (Giant, Large, Medium, Small and Very Small) to have in total 205 categories. Nitaqat classifies establishments into ranges (Excellent, Green, Yellow and Red) based on the ratio of the citizens working in the establishment. The Excellent and Green range, which are the ranges with the highest localisation ratios, will be rewarded with incentives. The new law proposes to deal firmly with the Red range, the range characterised by the lowest localisation ratio. More time is given to the Yellow range to improve their positions, it being the medium range. The most recent additions to the Nitaqat law that an expatriate worker should work only under his sponsor and the worker is not meant to perform any job other than the one mentioned on his job card have raised much panic among the expatriate workers. More over the Saudi government has increased the fee for renewing labour cards (iqamas) to SAR2, 500 from SAR100. The strict implementation of the Nitaqat law recently has raised much concern in Kerala. Majority of the Indian migrant labour in Saudi Arabia are from Kerala. In 2011, some 5,70,000 Keralites were working in Saudi Arabia. Though the impact of Nitaqat would be on less than 3 per cent of this migrant population remittances by them were consistently contributing to the economy of the state, especially to the northern districts of Malappuram, Kozhikode, Kannur and Kasargode. The inflow of remittance payments from Saudi Arabia has considerably raised living standards in these districts. Saudi Arabia continues to be the most desired destination among the low and semi-skilled Keralites. The strict adherence to the Nitaqat regulations will result in immediate job losses and reduced job opportunities. Many small scale shops and establishments in Saudi Arabia are run by Keralites under licences in the names of Saudi nationals. Now all such shops and establishments must have 10 per cent of their employees from among Saudi nationals who should be paid at least 3 times more salary than their expatriate counterparts. It is almost impossible now to run companies on the licences given to Saudi nationals. Strict actions are being taken against benami businesses. Most shops run by Keralites are already closed. The impact of the crackdown on illegal foreign workers in Saudi Arabia will have serious consequences for Kerala’s economy. The sudden exodus of the unemployed could trigger off economic crisis and social unrest in the state. The sudden fall in remittances from Saudi Arabia may lead to a ripple effect on interlinked sectors like real estate, construction, transport, etc. The problems will be much more if other gulf nations too emulate the Saudi policy. The job losses and reduced job opportunities are expected to aggravate in the coming days since Saudi labour ministry has reconsidered the liberal sponsorship rules that are prevailing. Under the Inspection Intelligent Scheme (IIS) inspection of company premises and residences of free visa holders are being intensified. Most raids at labour camps are unannounced. The government also issued an order that iqama (labour card) violators will be arrested in raids. On an emergency basis both the central and state governments must plan out strong rehabilitation packages for the unemployed Saudi returnees. The assistance offered for safe return and sponsoring the air fares of the returnees are all short term relief measures by the Government of India. The most recent announcement by the Saudi administration that Nitaqat inspections will be temporarily stopped for 3 months to allow illegal immigrants to legalise their stay in Saudi Arabia is to be viewed only as a temporary relief. Ryadh governor’s recent order of deferring the process of catching illegal migrants in Riyadh also provides some temporary relief to the illegal migrants. Given the proven strictness of the Saudi administration, the statements made by Kerala ministers that the expatriates need not panic and that the issue could be bilaterally solved by dialogue with Saudi authorities are not providing much hope to expatriates. According to leading immigration trend analysts in Kerala the Saudi crackdown on illegal migrants should be viewed as a blessing in disguise since it is going to open up more opportunities for the legal migrants from the state. There is no need for the legal immigrant worker to panic. The Nitaqat effect is not just on Indians. Lakhs of illegal migrants in Saudi Arabia are from countries like Pakistan, Bangladesh, Philippines, Egypt, etc. Kerala can grab this opportunity by providing the needed skills to the future migrants and allowing them to migrate legally. Kerala must focus on more employment opportunities for its labour force. The government should also undertake massive investments in infrastructure and industrial development to boost up employment opportunities. The author is professor of economics at Christ University, Bangalore How to cite Nitaqat, Papers

A Streetcar Named Desire Essay Blanche Example For Students

A Streetcar Named Desire Essay Blanche While it can be argued that all of the characters in Tennese Williams play, A Streetcar Named Desire are living in an illusion, I do not think that all the characters are living an unreal existence, however some are, in particular Blanche, Stella and Stanley. Blanch, to some extent, is living in her own fantasy world plagued with delusions and outbursts. It is quite obvious that she is living an illusion. Stella is living an unreal existence in regards to the way in which she likes to pretend she is living in a happy home. Stanley is also, however to a much lesser extent, living an unreal existence. He is very self-centered and towards the end he seems to be living a life nearly devoted to breaking down Blanche. We can see why and in what way these characters are living an unreal existence through exploring the major themes of this play and their relation to the characters in regards to living in a world that is not reality. These themes include reality versus illusion, confronting r eality, male domination and truth versus lies. Reality versus illusion is one of, if not the major theme of the play. It also has the most relevance to the way in which Blanche, Stanley, and Stella are living in their own fantasy world. Perhaps the reason Blanche chose illusion rather than reality is because of her somewhat troubled past. When Blanche was 16 she married Alan who was 17. The impression we get of Alan is that of an attractive, gentle and kind young man. However, he had a somewhat feminine quality about him. Blanche soon finds out that he is involved in a homosexual relationship by catching him in the act. Blanche expresses her disgust and soon after Alan commits suicide by shooting himself. Already traumatized, the situation grew quickly worse when Blanche looses Belle Reve, the family estate. This proves only to worsen Blanches mental state to an all new low. This coupled with other events led Blanche to living with her sister Stella and her husband Stanley. Perhaps the events which had occurred led her to the edg e of insanity which she was resting on during her time living with Stanley and Stella. It was easier for her to create her own fantasy world rather than to face up to reality. This however proved to have dire consequences resulting in Blanch becoming even further away from reality, pushed over the edge by Stanleys constant harassment and finally by his ultimate act of indecency raping her. This climaxed with Blanch having to be taken to a mental institution, this decision backed by even her own sister Stella. While living a much more real existence Stella also in some situations chooses illusions rather than accept reality. This can be seen when Blanch chooses to believe Stanley rather than Blanch in regards to the rape. Despite heavy suspicions that Stanley did rape Blanch, she gives Stanley the benefit of the doubt simply because it is easier that way. Like Blanch in this situation she chooses illusion rather than to except reality. Despite this, Stella is much more in tune with r eality than her sister Blanch. Stanley, while not exactly living in his own fantasy world, does have certain elements of choosing illusion rather than reality. Rather than create illusions he simply ignores things which may not please him. He seems to be living in a bubble which inside only holds a section for his poker buddies, Stella and the cracking down of Blanche. He is somewhat obsessed with being the head of his home and so when Blanche comes to stay with him and Stella he obviously feels threatened by the way in which she changes things. The cracking down of Blanche becomes an obsession, it is almost as if he has to prove himself as the head. Blanche and Stella find it hard to confront the reality in which they live. Perhaps this is because they are not living the lives which they had planned when they lived in Belle Reve. Blanche in particular finds it difficult to accept the fact that she is aging and that things arent turning out exactly to